Dr. Anna Makakala Inspects Manyovu Border: Tanzania’s CGI Bolsters Election Security in Kigoma

Guardian of the Gateway: CGI Dr. Makakala Inspects Tanzania’s Burundi Frontier in Crucial Pre-Election Visit

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Beneath the vast African sky, where the lush landscapes of Kigoma Region meet Burundi, lies a critical line of defence: the Manyovu border crossing. It’s here, amidst the hum of cross-border life and the ever-present need for vigilance, that Tanzania’s top immigration officer, Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala, recently walked the beat. Her visit wasn’t ceremonial; it was a strategic pulse-check at a vital gateway, underscoring a relentless drive to fortify Tanzania’s borders as the nation approaches a pivotal moment – the October 2025 General Elections. In a region where neighbourliness and security are inextricably linked, Dr. Makakala’s presence sent a powerful message: vigilance and cooperation are non-negotiable.

In a decisive move to fortify Tanzania’s territorial integrity ahead of critical national elections, Commissioner General of Immigration (CGI) Dr. Anna Makakala conducted a high-stakes working visit to the Manyovu Immigration Centre in Buhigwe District, Kigoma Region. This strategic frontier post, pivotal to Tanzania’s border with Burundi, serves as a litmus test for national security amid escalating pre-election vigilance. Dr. Makakala’s inspection – flanked by Deputy Commissioners Elizabeth Lukuwi (Administration) and Joseph Kasike (Service) – underscored a multi-faceted strategy: rigorous patrols and searches netting 217 arrests, enhanced cross-border cooperation via “good neighbourliness,” and the community-driven #KnowYourNeighbor campaign. As Tanzania approaches the October 2025 General Elections, this boots-on-the-ground leadership exemplifies the Immigration Department’s resolve to transform vulnerable borderlands into impervious shields. Discover how Kigoma’s frontline officers, led by Regional Head SACI Dismas Mlula and Manyovu’s ASI Everigistus Karugaba, are executing a blueprint where security, sovereignty, and democratic integrity converge at Tanzania’s edge.

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The Strategic Setting: Manyovu Under the Microscope – Tanzania’s Vital Artery with Burundi

1. Nestled within the Buhigwe District of Kigoma Region, the Manyovu Immigration Centre stands as far more than a simple administrative checkpoint. It is a critical lifeline and a sentinel post on one of Tanzania’s most significant frontiers – the border with Burundi. Understanding why this specific location warranted the personal attention of the Commissioner General of Immigration, Dr. Anna Makakala, requires peering closely at its unique strategic landscape, a landscape where national integrity is directly tied to the vigilance exercised at this remote outpost.

   Kigoma Region itself occupies a geopolitically sensitive position. Sharing extensive borders with Burundi to the north and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, with the vast expanse of Lake Tanganyika forming a natural barrier yet also a potential conduit, the region presents complex security challenges. Within this context, Manyovu emerges as a primary formal crossing point with Burundi. It serves as a crucial artery for legitimate cross-border trade, familial visits, and regional movement, reflecting the deep historical and social ties between communities straddling the border. However, this very vibrancy also makes it a potential vector for challenges that threaten Tanzania’s sovereignty and security.

   The porous nature of some border stretches in this region, coupled with socio-economic pressures and sometimes complex local dynamics, means Manyovu is inherently vulnerable. It represents a key point of entry and egress that must be meticulously managed to:

   1. Combat Illegal Immigration: Preventing undocumented or improperly documented individuals from entering Tanzania is fundamental to maintaining population records, resource allocation, and national security screening.

   2. Thwart Transnational Crime: Borders are often exploited for smuggling contraband (goods, drugs, wildlife products) and facilitating human trafficking networks. Manyovu’s control is vital in disrupting these illicit flows.

   3. Prevent Security Infiltration: Ensuring hostile actors, including potential insurgents or individuals seeking to disrupt national stability (especially pertinent ahead of elections), cannot exploit this crossing point.

   4. Regulate Movement & Uphold Law: Ensuring all cross-border movement complies with Tanzanian immigration laws, protecting the rights of both citizens and legitimate visitors while deterring those with malign intent.

   As the Tanzanian adage goes, “Mipaka ni mipaka” – “Borders are borders.” This simple yet profound statement underscores a fundamental truth: the integrity of a nation is intrinsically linked to the security and control of its geographical boundaries. A weakness at a point like Manyovu is not merely a localised issue; it represents a potential breach in the nation’s collective defence. Unchecked illegal crossings, smuggling, or criminal activity here can ripple outwards, impacting security, the economy, and social stability far beyond Kigoma’s borders.

   Dr. Makakala’s visit, therefore, signals a clear recognition of Manyovu’s disproportionate importance. Placing it “under the microscope” reflects a strategic imperative: fortifying this specific gateway is paramount to safeguarding Tanzania’s national integrity. It’s about ensuring that this vital artery functions healthily for legitimate purposes while being robustly sealed against threats. The Commissioner General’s presence underscores that the security of Tanzania, particularly as the nation prepares for the significant undertaking of the October 2025 General Elections, begins with unwavering vigilance at critical frontier posts like Manyovu. The stability of the nation quite literally hinges on the effectiveness of its borders.

2. Leadership on the Frontline: Makakala’s Hands-On Approach – Command Presence at the Edge

   In the demanding terrain of border security, particularly at a pivotal yet remote crossing like Manyovu in Buhigwe District, Kigoma, leadership cannot remain a distant concept confined to Dar es Salaam offices. Commissioner General of Immigration, Dr. Anna Makakala’s, deliberate journey to this frontline post speaks volumes, embodying a leadership philosophy deeply rooted in visibility, direct engagement, and the intrinsic understanding that morale is mission-critical. Her presence wasn’t merely symbolic; it was a potent operational tool and a powerful affirmation for the officers stationed far from headquarters.

   The Significance of the Remote Visit:

   1. Prioritising Direct Oversight: Kigoma’s borders, vital yet logistically challenging, demand more than reports and teleconferences. Dr. Makakala’s visit allowed for first-hand assessment. She could inspect facilities, observe procedures, gauge the operational environment, and understand the unique pressures facing the Manyovu team – challenges that might be obscured in a formal report. This direct insight is invaluable for informed, responsive decision-making at the highest level. It ensures strategies crafted in Dar es Salaam are grounded in the realities of the frontier.

   2. Boosting Troop Morale and Recognition: Serving at an outpost like Manyovu can feel isolating. Officers contend with demanding conditions, potential security risks, and the weight of safeguarding a critical national asset. The personal visit of the CGI, the highest-ranking official in the Immigration Department, sends an unambiguous message: “Your work matters. You are seen. You are valued.” This direct recognition is a profound motivator, reinforcing commitment and fostering a sense of shared purpose within the ranks. As the Tanzanian adage goes, “Mwenye kuchagua jembe si mwenye kulima” – “The one who chooses the hoe is not the one who tills the soil.” Dr. Makakala demonstrated she understands that true leadership involves stepping into the field alongside those doing the arduous work, acknowledging their effort and the crucial nature of their toil.

   3. Instilling Accountability and Vigilance: The unexpected or highly visible presence of senior leadership inherently sharpens focus. Knowing the CGI could walk in at any moment reinforces the importance of constant professionalism, adherence to protocols, and unwavering vigilance. It underscores that standards must be maintained consistently, not just during inspections.

   4. On-the-Job Guidance and Problem-Solving: A visit provides a unique platform for immediate, context-specific guidance. Dr. Makakala could address concerns raised by officers on the spot, offer clarifications on directives, and provide mentorship. This interactive, situational leadership is far more effective than distant memoranda for resolving immediate operational hurdles and refining tactics.

   5. Demonstrating Institutional Commitment: By bringing senior deputies like DCI Elizabeth Lukuwi (Administration) and DCI Joseph Kasike (Service), Dr. Makakala signalled that the entire leadership structure of the Immigration Department prioritises frontline security. This collective presence demonstrates that resources, administrative support, and service delivery strategies are being aligned with the realities observed at the border, reinforcing the department’s unified focus on fortifying national integrity from the edges inward.

   6. Setting the Pre-Election Tone: Her visit, explicitly framed within the context of securing borders ahead of the October 2025 General Elections, placed immense emphasis on the critical role Manyovu plays in this national endeavour. Her presence amplified the message that vigilance here is non-negotiable for ensuring a secure and stable electoral process, raising the stakes and focusing minds.

   Beyond Symbolism: Practical Leadership:

   Dr. Makakala’s hands-on approach moves beyond inspiration. By listening to Officer ASI Everigistus Karugaba’s detailed performance report and Regional Officer SACI Dismas Mlula’s overview, she actively engaged with the operational narrative. Her directive to increase patrols, searches, and community education wasn’t issued from afar; it was delivered on the ground, informed by the context she witnessed, and the challenges articulated by her officers. This fosters a sense of shared ownership of the strategy.

   

   In the complex ecosystem of border security, leadership that remains remote risks becoming detached. CGI Dr. Anna Makakala’s journey to Manyovu embodied the antithesis of this. It reflected a leadership style that understands true command requires presence where the mandate is executed. By prioritising direct oversight, actively boosting the morale of her “Askari wa Uhamiaji” (Immigration Officers), and providing context-driven guidance, she reinforced the critical link between headquarters strategy and frontline execution. Her presence, echoing the wisdom of “Mwenye kuchagua jembe si mwenye kulima,” fortified not just the physical border post, but the resolve and cohesion of the team entrusted with guarding Tanzania’s gateway to Burundi, especially as the nation navigates the sensitive pre-election period. It was leadership not just directed, but demonstrated, at the very edge of the nation.

3. The Imperative of “Good Neighborliness”: Weaving Security Through Cooperation at the Tanzania-Burundi Border

   Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s emphasis on fostering “good neighbourliness” and seamless cooperation between Tanzanian immigration officers and their Burundian counterparts at Manyovu wasn’t merely diplomatic nicety; it was a strategic directive rooted in the harsh realities of managing a shared frontier. In the complex tapestry of border security along the Buhigwe District in Kigoma, where communities and challenges intertwine, effective control isn’t achieved in isolation. It demands a conscious, active partnership, echoing a profound Tanzanian understanding captured in the adage: “Majirani ni kama ndugu” – “Neighbours are like siblings.” This speaks to an inherent, unavoidable closeness and shared destiny, where the well-being of one directly impacts the other.

   Why Cooperation is Non-Negotiable for Effective Border Management:

   1. Shared Threats Demand Shared Solutions: Transnational criminals, smugglers, and potential security threats do not respect lines on a map. Networks operating on one side invariably have links or seek refuge across the border. Effective intelligence sharing and coordinated operations between Tanzanian and Burundian officers are paramount to dismantling these networks. A smuggler thwarted at Manyovu may simply reroute to a less monitored crossing if Burundian counterparts aren’t alert. Good neighbourliness enables real-time communication and joint action, closing these loopholes.

   2. Closing the “Porous Gap”: While formal crossings like Manyovu are focal points, vast stretches of the border remain vulnerable. Close cooperation allows for synchronised patrols, shared surveillance intelligence (where protocols allow), and coordinated responses to suspicious activity in these remote areas. It prevents criminals from exploiting the seams between jurisdictions.

   3. Managing Legitimate Flow Efficiently: Manyovu facilitates essential cross-border trade and familial movement. Poor coordination can lead to bottlenecks, frustration for legitimate travellers and traders, and potentially create resentment that criminals could exploit. Seamless cooperation ensures efficient processing, fostering goodwill and economic stability while maintaining rigorous checks. This aligns with Dr. Makakala’s call for increased “work efficiency.”

   4. Building Trust and Preventing Escalation: Misunderstandings or unilateral actions at the border can quickly escalate tensions. Regular communication, established protocols, and personal relationships fostered through “good neighbourliness” build crucial trust. This allows for the swift resolution of minor incidents and prevents them from spiralling into diplomatic friction or security incidents. Knowing one’s counterpart personally makes collaboration instinctive during crises.

   5. Community Confidence and Intelligence: Border communities often have relatives and connections on both sides. They are vital sources of intelligence. When communities see Tanzanian and Burundian officers working collaboratively and respectfully, it builds confidence. They are more likely to report suspicious activity to either force, knowing the information will be acted upon cooperatively, rather than fearing it might cause inter-force conflict or be ignored. This amplifies the effectiveness of initiatives like the #KnowYourNeighbor campaign locally.

   “Majirani ni kama ndugu”: The Adage in Action:

   This adage frames perfectly the imperative. Siblings may have their differences, but they share a fundamental bond and a common home. Their security and prosperity are intertwined. Tanzania and Burundi share a long border and deep historical connections. Instability or insecurity on one side inevitably spills over. Just as siblings must communicate, support each other, and resolve conflicts peacefully for the household to thrive, so must the border forces collaborate for the mutual security and prosperity of the borderlands and the nations beyond.

   • Mutual Security: A secure Burundi border makes Tanzania more secure, and vice versa. Cooperation isn’t charity; it’s mutual self-interest. Joint efforts prevent either nation from becoming a safe haven for threats targeting the other.

   • Shared Responsibility: The burden of securing the vast, sometimes challenging terrain is lighter when shared. Coordinated patrols and intelligence pooling maximise resources for both nations.

   • Beyond Enforcement: True “good neighbourliness” extends to humanitarian aspects – coordinating responses to refugees, disaster situations, or vulnerable individuals crossing the border, always within the framework of respective laws and security.

   The Pre-Election Dimension:

   Dr. Makakala’s emphasis gains even greater urgency ahead of Tanzania’s October 2025 General Elections. History shows that election periods can heighten tensions and potentially attract malign actors seeking to exploit instability. Close cross-border cooperation is vital to:

   • Prevent Influx of Undesirables: Stop individuals seeking to enter illegally to disrupt the electoral process or campaign unlawfully.

   • Monitor Cross-Border Political Activity: Ensure political campaigning adheres to regulations on both sides and prevent external interference.

   • Swiftly Address Incidents: Ensure any election-related incidents near the border (e.g., clashes, inflammatory material crossing) are managed swiftly and cooperatively to prevent escalation that could destabilise the region.

   

   CGI Dr. Makakala’s call for “good neighbourliness” transcends pleasantry; it is a core operational doctrine for securing Tanzania’s frontier with Burundi. It recognises that robust fences and vigilant patrols alone are insufficient without the mortar of trust, communication, and coordinated action with the other side. By invoking the spirit of “Majirani ni kama ndugu,” she underscores that the security of Manyovu, Buhigwe, and ultimately Tanzania itself, is inextricably linked to the quality of the partnership with Burundi’s border guardians. In the delicate dance of border management, especially under the shadow of impending elections, seamless cooperation isn’t just desirable – it is the bedrock upon which mutual security and national integrity firmly stand. It transforms a potential fault line into a shared line of defence.

4. Elections on the Horizon: The Security Catalyst – Fortifying Borders for Tanzania’s Democratic Moment

   Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s working visit to the Manyovu border post wasn’t merely a routine inspection; it was explicitly framed within the critical context of Tanzania’s upcoming October 2025 General Elections. This timing is far from coincidental. It underscores a fundamental reality recognised by security services globally, and acutely felt in Tanzania: politically sensitive periods, especially national elections, demand intensified border vigilance. As the Tanzanian adage warns, “Mvua ikinyesha, ndio ujue ukungu wa mlima” – “When the rain falls, that’s when you know the mist on the mountain.” Elections, like the rain, reveal hidden challenges and demand heightened awareness – in this case, exposing vulnerabilities that necessitate reinforced border defences.

   Why the Pre-Election Period Demands Border Reinforcement:

   1. Preventing Illicit Movement & “Political Smuggling”:

      • Undesirable Actors: Elections can attract individuals seeking to enter illegally to disrupt the process. This includes potential agitators funded externally, individuals intending to incite violence, or those aiming to manipulate voter registration or participation unlawfully. Tightening controls at key crossings like Manyovu acts as a vital filter.

      • Cross-Border Campaigning: There’s a risk of unauthorised political campaigning or the influx of campaign materials or funds across borders, potentially violating Tanzanian electoral laws and regulations. Vigilant immigration and customs checks are crucial.

      • “Vote Ferrying”: Historically, some regions have seen attempts to bus in supporters from neighbouring countries to sway local results. Robust border checks and identity verification are frontline defences against this practice.

   2. Combating Exploitative Smuggling:

      • Diversion of Resources: Criminal networks often seek to exploit the focus on elections and potential temporary shifts in security resources. Smuggling of goods (evading tariffs), illicit substances, wildlife products, or arms can intensify, requiring sustained patrols and searches, as Dr. Makakala directed at Manyovu.

      • Economic Destabilisation: Large-scale smuggling undermines the formal economy and tax base. Ensuring border integrity protects national revenues, which is especially important when the government may be funding significant election-related logistics.

   3. Mitigating Potential External Interference:

      • Safeguarding Sovereignty: A core function of border control is preventing foreign interference in domestic affairs. This includes stopping individuals entering with the intent to influence the electoral process unduly or gather sensitive intelligence.

      • Controlling Information Flow: While primarily a communications regulatory issue, physical borders can be points for attempting to smuggle unauthorised campaign materials or equipment designed to disrupt communications.

   4. Maintaining General Law, Order, and Public Confidence:

      • Holistic Security: Elections can heighten social tensions. Effective border control is part of a wider strategy to maintain overall national security and stability. Preventing the influx of weapons or known criminals contributes directly to a safer electoral environment.

      • Public Reassurance: Visible increases in border security measures, like the enhanced patrols and searches Dr. Makakala urged, serve to reassure citizens that the state is actively safeguarding the integrity of the nation and its democratic process. This fosters public confidence in the lead-up to the polls.

   5. Managing Potential Influx Related to Regional Instability: While not always predictable, elections in one country can sometimes trigger movement from neighbouring nations experiencing their own tensions. Proactive border management ensures Tanzania is prepared to handle any such scenarios lawfully and humanely.

   “Mvua ikinyesha, ndio ujue ukungu wa mlima”: The Adage’s Relevance:

   This adage encapsulates perfectly the pre-election imperative. The “rain” of the 2025 elections is inevitable. It will test Tanzania’s systems and expose any weaknesses (“the mist on the mountain”). Dr. Makakala’s visit to Manyovu signifies the Immigration Department’s proactive stance: they are not waiting for the rain to reveal the mist; they are acting beforehand to disperse it. By intensifying border security measures now – increasing patrols, searches, community education (#KnowYourNeighbor), and cross-border cooperation – they aim to eliminate the hidden vulnerabilities that could be exploited during the sensitive electoral period. The goal is to ensure that when the “rain” falls (the elections commence), the “mountain” (Tanzania’s security and democratic integrity) is clearly visible and secure, free from obscuring threats that might have crossed porous borders.

   CGI Dr. Makakala’s focus on Manyovu in the shadow of the October 2025 polls is a stark acknowledgement that borders are the nation’s first line of defence, especially during democratic milestones. Elections, while a celebration of sovereignty, also present unique security challenges that demand anticipatory action. By explicitly linking her visit and directives to the electoral calendar, she underscores that border security is not a static duty but a dynamic shield that must be reinforced ahead of heightened risks. The directive for increased vigilance at Manyovu is a crucial investment in ensuring that Tanzania’s elections proceed peacefully, freely, and without undue external influence or internal disruption fuelled by cross-border vulnerabilities. It is a practical manifestation of the wisdom in preparing for the storm before the first drops fall. The effectiveness of this pre-emptive fortification will be a key factor in preserving the sanctity of Tanzania’s democratic exercise.

5. Operational Vigilance: Patrols, Searches, and Deterrence – The Unblinking Eye on Tanzania’s Frontier

   Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s directives at Manyovu were not abstract pronouncements; they were concrete, actionable orders sharpening the spearpoint of Tanzania’s border defence: increased patrols, thorough searches, and unrelenting vigilance. In the demanding context of Buhigwe District, Kigoma – a region where the rhythms of cross-border life intertwine with persistent security challenges – these operational imperatives form the bedrock of effective immigration control. As the Tanzanian adage reminds us, “Subira huvuta heri” – “Patience attracts blessings,” but in the realm of border security, it is persistent, proactive effort that yields the blessing of safety and integrity. Dr. Makakala’s emphasis underscores that combating illegal crossings and transnational crime demands constant, visible, and meticulous action on the ground.

   Detailing the Operational Directives & Their Rationale:

   1. Increased Patrols: The Mobile Shield:

      • Scope: Dr. Makakala explicitly called for ramping up the “speed of patrols.” This means more frequent, unpredictable, and wider-ranging movements by Immigration Officers beyond the static checkpoint. Patrols must cover:

        • Designated Vulnerable Areas: Known infiltration routes, river crossings, forest paths, and remote stretches identified by intelligence (as highlighted by SACI Dismas Mlula).

        • Peripheral Locations: Guest houses (targeted for harbouring illegals), minibus stations (used for transport), farms (especially near the border where illegal crossings might terminate), and village outskirts.

      • Rationale: Static posts are easily observed and avoided. Mobile patrols disrupt smuggling routes, deter illegal crossings by their unpredictable presence, gather real-time intelligence on emerging patterns, and demonstrate a proactive state presence throughout the border zone. They are the embodiment of the “unblinking eye.”

   2. Thorough Searches: Peeling Back the Layers:

      • Focus: Dr. Makakala stressed the need for rigorous searches. This applies to:

        • Individuals: Scrutinising travel documents for authenticity, checking against watchlists, verifying stated purpose of visit, and looking for signs of deception or trafficking.

        • Vehicles & Goods: Meticulous inspection of cars, buses, and trucks for hidden compartments, false bottoms, smuggled contraband (goods, drugs, wildlife trophies, currency, weapons), or concealed individuals.

        • Premises: Targeted searches of guest houses, warehouses near the border, and farms suspected of being waypoints or storage for illicit activity (as demonstrated in ASI Karugaba’s operations).

      • Rationale: Smugglers and traffickers are adept at concealment. Thorough, professional searches are the primary tool for uncovering illicit movements and goods. They enforce compliance with laws, disrupt criminal logistics, provide evidence for prosecution, and act as a powerful deterrent. Half-hearted checks are an open invitation to exploitation.

   3. Heightened Vigilance: The Constant State of Alert:

      • Mindset: Beyond specific actions, Dr. Makakala emphasised a culture of vigilance. This means officers maintaining constant situational awareness, questioning inconsistencies, observing behaviour patterns, and trusting their instincts honed by experience and training.

      • Rationale: Criminals adapt tactics. Vigilance ensures officers spot anomalies – a nervous traveller, an overloaded vehicle that seems too light, unusual activity at a remote farm at night – that might signal illicit activity warranting further investigation. It’s about being perpetually “switched on.”

   The Deterrence Factor:

   The true power of increased patrols and rigorous searches lies not just in catching offenders, but in preventing the crime from being attempted in the first place. This is the essence of deterrence:

   • Visible Presence: Frequent patrols signal that the border is actively monitored, increasing the perceived risk for smugglers and illegal crossers.

   • Certainty of Inspection: The knowledge that thorough searches are highly likely discourages attempts to smuggle goods or people through official or unofficial routes.

   • “Ngoma ikivuma sana, huwa hazai” (A drum that makes too much noise doesn’t produce): While often used differently, this adage can reflect the deterrent effect: excessive bravado or overt criminal planning attracts attention and fails. The visible, professional vigilance of Immigration Officers makes the border a hostile environment for illicit activity, causing potential criminals to reconsider or seek easier, less fortified targets elsewhere.

   The Manyovu Blueprint in Action:

   ASI Everigistus Karugaba’s report on arresting 217 suspects provides a tangible case study. These results stemmed directly from implementing the kind of operational directives Dr. Makakala reinforced:

   • Proactive Patrols: Moving beyond the centre to guest houses, transport hubs, farms, and checkpoints.

   • Targeted Searches: Focusing resources on locations identified through intelligence or observation as high-risk.

   • Sustained Vigilance: Maintaining pressure over time, not just during short campaigns.

   The Pre-Election Imperative:

   Ahead of the October 2025 polls, this operational tempo becomes even more critical. Increased patrols deter and detect individuals seeking to enter illegally to disrupt elections. Thorough searches prevent the smuggling of campaign materials, funds, or even weapons that could fuel tension. Vigilance helps identify and stop potential troublemakers early. It’s about creating a secure environment where the democratic process can unfold without interference from cross-border threats.

   

   Dr. Makakala’s directives for increased patrols, thorough searches, and unwavering vigilance at Manyovu are the practical translation of her strategic vision for border security. They are the relentless, patient work – the “Subira” that yields the “heri” of national integrity – carried out in the dust and heat of Kigoma’s frontier. This operational posture is not merely reactive; it is a proactive shield, creating deterrence through visible professionalism and the certainty of interdiction. In the delicate dance of border management, especially under the shadow of elections, it is this unblinking operational vigilance that ensures Tanzania’s gateway with Burundi remains a controlled conduit for legitimate activity and an impassable barrier for those who would threaten the nation’s peace and sovereignty. The officers’ boots on the ground, their torches probing vehicles, their keen eyes observing – these are the instruments through which the policy of a secure border becomes a tangible reality.

   • Eyes on Unusual Movement: Locals can spot potential troublemakers or organised groups entering the area illegally to disrupt campaigns or voting.

   • Countering Misinformation: Educated communities are more resilient against attempts to spread inflammatory rumours or disinformation across the border.

   • Reporting Electoral Malpractice: Communities can alert authorities to any attempts at cross-border voter manipulation or smuggling of campaign materials.

     #KnowYourNeighbor: Beyond Enforcement to Education – Building a Community Shield in Kigoma

     Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s directive at Manyovu extended far beyond the immediate ranks of her officers. Crucially, she stressed the imperative to “provide education to citizens on the importance of complying with immigration laws” as a core component of the #KnowYourNeighbor Campaign. This call recognises a fundamental truth in border security, particularly within the close-knit communities of Buhigwe District, Kigoma: effective control cannot be sustained by enforcement alone. It requires weaving the local populace into the very fabric of vigilance, transforming passive residents into active guardians of their own frontier. As the Tanzanian adage wisely observes, “Ukaribu wa kuku, mganga hauna” – “The closeness of chickens means no healer is needed.” When neighbours watch out for each other intimately, problems are spotted early and disasters are averted. This is the essence of the campaign Dr. Makakala champions.

     Moving Beyond the Checkpoint: The Power of Community Education

     The #KnowYourNeighbor campaign represents a strategic pivot from a purely reactive, enforcement-driven model to a proactive, intelligence-led, and community-embedded approach. Its role is multifaceted:

     1. Demystifying Immigration Law: Many border communities, especially in remote areas like Buhigwe, may have limited formal understanding of complex immigration regulations. Unintentional violations (e.g., harbouring undocumented relatives, failing to report visitors) can occur. Targeted education – through village meetings (barazas), local radio (e.g., Radio Kwizera in Kigoma), leaflets in Swahili, and school programmes – clarifies:

        • Rights and responsibilities regarding cross-border movement.

        • Procedures for hosting visitors or reporting strangers.

        • Dangers and penalties associated with human trafficking, smuggling, or aiding illegal entry.

        • The national security implications of porous borders.

     2. Fostering Local Ownership & Vigilance: Education empowers communities to see border security not just as a government task, but as vital to their safety, economic stability (combating smuggling that undercuts local markets), and social cohesion. It encourages residents to:

        • “Know Their Neighbour”: Be aware of newcomers, unusual activities, or strangers asking for help crossing illegally.

        • Report Suspicious Activity: Provide timely, actionable intelligence to authorities without fear, understanding it protects their community. This is the crucial “force multiplier” effect.

        • Challenge Criminal Elements: Make it socially unacceptable within the community to engage in or facilitate illegal border activities.

     3. Countering Criminal Narratives: Smugglers and traffickers often exploit poverty or familial ties. Education provides counter-messages, highlighting the risks (arrest, violence, exploitation) and long-term damage caused by illegal activities, both to individuals and the nation.

     4. Building Trust Between Community and Authorities: When officers like those at Manyovu actively engage in community education, it builds bridges. It demonstrates that the Immigration Department is not just there to police, but to partner and protect. This trust is essential for the free flow of reliable intelligence.

     “Ukaribu wa kuku, mganga hauna”: The Adage in Action

     This proverb encapsulates perfectly the campaign’s philosophy. Chickens in proximity constantly observe each other; they notice instantly if one is sick, distressed, or if a predator approaches. Similarly, #KnowYourNeighbor aims to cultivate this level of intimate, watchful awareness within border communities. When villagers truly “know their neighbour” – recognising normal patterns of life – they become exquisitely sensitive to anomalies:

     • A sudden influx of unfamiliar faces in a remote homestead.

     • Vehicles arriving at odd hours near known crossing points.

     • Whispers about “jobs” abroad that sound too good to be true.

     • Individuals avoiding the official border post.

     This community-level vigilance acts as an early warning system, spotting potential threats long before they reach a formal checkpoint. It negates the need for the “mganga” (healer) – in this context, meaning large-scale, disruptive enforcement actions that become necessary only after a security breach has occurred. Prevention, fostered by community awareness, is the goal.

     Synergy with Enforcement: The Manyovu Example

     ASI Karugaba’s report on operations targeting guest houses, minibus stations, and farms highlights how community intelligence feeds enforcement. Education campaigns make such targeted operations more effective by:

     1. Generating Leads: Tips from educated, vigilant citizens directly inform where and when to conduct searches and patrols.

     2. Identifying Hotspots: Community feedback helps pinpoint evolving smuggling routes or safe houses (like the farms searched).

     3. Enhancing Legitimacy: Actions based on community intelligence have greater local support and legitimacy.

     The Pre-Election Imperative: A Community Watchdog

     Ahead of the October 2025 elections, an educated and vigilant border community is an invaluable asset:

      

6. CGI Dr. Makakala’s emphasis on the #KnowYourNeighbor campaign is a master stroke of preventative security. It recognises that the vast, often rugged borderlands of Kigoma cannot be hermetically sealed by officers alone. By investing in community education, she seeks to activate the most powerful surveillance network available: the people who live on the frontier. It embodies the wisdom of “Ukaribu wa kuku, mganga hauna” – fostering such close, watchful neighbourliness that threats are identified and neutralised at their inception. This transforms border communities from passive bystanders into active participants in safeguarding Tanzania’s territorial integrity, especially during the sensitive pre-election period. It’s a strategy that builds security not just with patrols and fences, but with knowledge, trust, and the collective eyes of a nation’s first line of defence – its people.

7. Kigoma’s Proactive Stance: Regional Command in Action – Vigilance Woven into the Frontier Fabric

   Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s visit to Manyovu shone a spotlight not only on the national strategy but also on the crucial, day-to-day operational backbone of border security: the regional command. Senior Assistant Commissioner of Immigration (SACI) Dismas Mlula, the Kigoma Regional Immigration Officer, presented a report that was far more than a formality; it was a testament to a proactive, ingrained culture of vigilance within the region. His articulation of Kigoma’s “ongoing duties effectively, especially through regular patrols and searches in vulnerable border areas,” demonstrates that the commitment to securing Tanzania’s sensitive western flank is not merely reactive to high-level visits, but a deeply embedded regional priority. This embodies the Tanzanian adage: “Kupanda msitu kulea” – “To plant a forest is to cultivate shade.” SACI Mlula and his team are not waiting for the scorching heat of crisis; they are diligently planting the forest of constant vigilance now, to ensure the cooling shade of security for the future.

   The Significance of SACI Mlula’s Report:

   1. Demonstrating Institutional Maturity: Mlula’s report wasn’t a panicked response to the CGI’s presence; it was a confident briefing on established procedures. Highlighting “regular patrols and searches” indicates these are not ad hoc measures, but core, routine functions of the Kigoma Immigration command. This shows a regional structure that understands its critical mission and executes it systematically.

   2. Operationalising Strategy at the Coalface: Dr. Makakala’s directives for increased patrols and searches didn’t land on fallow ground. Mlula’s report confirmed Kigoma is already actively doing this, particularly focusing on identified “vulnerable areas.” This reveals a regional command that is:

      • Intelligence-Led: Proactively identifying and monitoring weak spots in the border landscape (porous stretches, known smuggling routes, remote crossings).

      • Resourceful: Deploying available personnel and assets effectively to maintain a persistent presence in challenging terrain.

      • Responsive: Adapting patrol patterns and search protocols based on evolving threats and intelligence.

   3. Owning the Challenge: Kigoma’s geography – sharing borders with Burundi and the DRC, encompassing vast Lake Tanganyika shorelines and dense interior regions – presents unique and persistent security challenges. Mlula’s report implicitly acknowledges these challenges but focuses on the action being taken to mitigate them. It signals regional leadership taking concrete responsibility for frontier security.

   4. Synergy with National Goals: By detailing ongoing proactive measures, Mlula demonstrated how the regional command is actively contributing to the national objectives Dr. Makakala emphasised: strengthening border protection, enhancing security (especially pre-election), and fostering cross-border stability. His report showed the national strategy being lived at the regional level.

   5. Building Credibility and Trust: Presenting tangible, ongoing efforts (like the regular patrols) builds credibility for the regional command with both national headquarters and the local communities. It shows commitment beyond rhetoric.

   “Kupanda msitu kulea”: Cultivating the Forest of Security:

   This adage captures perfectly the essence of Kigoma’s approach under SACI Mlula’s leadership. Security is not conjured overnight when a crisis hits; it is painstakingly cultivated through consistent, preventative effort over time.

   • The Planting (Proactive Patrolling & Searches): The “regular patrols and searches in vulnerable areas” are the daily toil of planting the seeds of deterrence and detection. This constant effort disrupts criminal plans before they mature, gathers vital intelligence, and maintains a visible state presence.

   • The Cultivating (Refinement & Adaptation): This involves analysing patrol results, refining tactics based on what works, training officers, and adapting to new threats – nurturing the young forest.

   • The Shade (Security & Stability): The ultimate goal is the “shade” – a secure border region where illegal activities are minimised, communities feel safe, legitimate trade flows, and national integrity is preserved. The pre-election period is a time when this cultivated “shade” is most needed to protect the democratic process from external interference or internal disruption fuelled by cross-border crime.

   The Link to Manyovu and the CGI’s Visit:

   • Validation: Dr. Makakala’s visit provided a platform for Mlula to validate the region’s proactive stance. Her presence reinforced the importance of this work, especially the focus on vulnerable areas.

   • Reinforcement & Refinement: While Kigoma was already active, the CGI’s directives (increased patrol speed, emphasis on #KnowYourNeighbor) offer opportunities to refine and intensify existing efforts. Mlula’s report provides the baseline from which to escalate.

   • Frontline Execution: ASI Everigistus Karugaba’s detailed report on Manyovu’s specific operations (217 arrests) is a direct manifestation of the regional strategy Mlula described. It shows the proactive stance translating into concrete results at a specific frontline post.

   The Pre-Election Context: A Forest Matured

   Kigoma’s established culture of “regular patrols and searches” is invaluable as Tanzania approaches October 2025. It means the region isn’t starting from scratch:

   • Existing Infrastructure: Patrol routes, intelligence networks, and community contacts are already established and can be intensified.

   • Deterrence in Place: Criminals are already accustomed to a visible, active border force, making it harder for them to exploit the election period.

   • Rapid Response Capability: The constant patrolling maintains officer readiness and familiarity with the terrain, enabling a swift response to any election-related incidents or surges in suspicious activity.

   

   SACI Dismas Mlula’s report during the CGI’s visit was a powerful articulation of Kigoma Region’s proactive ownership of its complex border security mandate. By emphasising “regular patrols and searches in vulnerable areas,” he showcased not just activity, but a deeply ingrained operational philosophy aligned with the wisdom of “Kupanda msitu kulea.” Kigoma’s Immigration command understands that true security is cultivated daily through persistent, preventative effort, not merely reactivated during crises. This regional commitment, demonstrated in the gnarled terrain of Buhigwe and beyond, forms the essential bedrock upon which national strategies like Dr. Makakala’s are effectively executed. As Tanzania navigates the sensitive pre-election landscape, the fact that Kigoma’s “forest” of vigilance is already well-tended offers significant reassurance – the shade of security is actively growing, nurtured by the relentless, watchful presence of its regional guardians.

8. Grassroots Results: The Manyovu Success Story – Where Strategy Meets the Dust of Duty

   Amidst the strategic directives and high-level oversight of Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s visit to the Manyovu border post, Assistant Superintendent of Immigration (ASI) Everigistus Karugaba presented something profoundly tangible: results. His report detailing the apprehension of 217 suspects through targeted operations wasn’t just a statistic; it was a resounding testament to effective on-ground execution in the challenging terrain of Buhigwe District, Kigoma. It showcased precisely the kind of proactive, intelligence-led vigilance Dr. Makakala championed, proving that the national strategy isn’t merely aspirational – it’s delivering concrete outcomes where it matters most. This operational success embodies a Tanzanian truth: “Mwenendo wa mende kujificha” – “The cockroach’s way is to hide.” Yet, through diligent, targeted effort, the Manyovu team illuminated the shadows where illicit activities sought refuge.

   Deconstructing the Manyovu Success:

   1. Targeted Intelligence in Action: The locations chosen for operations weren’t random:

      • Guest Houses: Known hubs for harbouring undocumented migrants, human trafficking victims, or criminals lying low.

      • Minibus Stations (Daladala/Bus Stands): Critical transit points for moving people (including potential illegal entrants or those being trafficked) and contraband swiftly.

      • Checkpoints: Both formal and potentially informal or mobile checkpoints established along key routes away from the main centre to intercept bypass attempts.

      • Farms in Border Villages: Particularly significant. Farms near the border are often used as staging posts, hiding places, or even cultivation sites for illicit activities. Targeting these demonstrates deep local knowledge and an understanding of how criminals exploit the agricultural landscape. ASI Karugaba explicitly mentioned villages “involved in agriculture,” suggesting intelligence pointed to specific locations being misused.

   2. Operational Methodology: These weren’t passive patrols, but active, intelligence-driven interventions:

      • Searches: Meticulous inspection of premises, vehicles, and individuals based on leads or observed anomalies.

      • Patrols: Mobile units covering these specific, high-risk locations, likely at unpredictable times.

      • Community Tip-offs: Possibly informed by the ongoing #KnowYourNeighbor campaign, fostering local intelligence sharing.

   3. The 217 Figure: A Snapshot of Impact: This number represents a significant disruption to criminal networks operating in the Manyovu corridor:

      • Deterrence: Sends a powerful message that the area is under active, effective surveillance.

      • Disruption: Halts specific smuggling attempts, trafficking operations, and illegal entries/exits.

      • Intelligence Gathering: Each arrest potentially yields information on broader networks, methods, and routes.

      • Upholding the Law: Demonstrates the Immigration Department’s capacity to enforce regulations decisively.

   “Mwenendo wa mende kujificha”: Shining Light in the Shadows:

   This adage captures perfectly the operational challenge and the Manyovu team’s response. Criminals, like cockroaches, instinctively seek darkness – the hidden corners of guest houses, the anonymity of bustling bus stations, the seclusion of remote border farms, the gaps between patrols. ASI Karugaba’s operations were the deliberate act of lifting those rocks and shining a torch. By focusing on these specific, vulnerable locations identified through intelligence and local knowledge, they systematically disrupted the “hiding places” exploited by transnational crime and illegal border activity. The 217 apprehensions are the direct result of refusing to let illicit operations fester in the shadows.

   Synergy with the Broader Strategy:

   • Validating Dr. Makakala’s Directives: These results are a direct outcome of the “increased patrols, searches, and vigilance” the CGI urged. It proves the directives are being implemented effectively at the tactical level.

   • Demonstrating Kigoma’s Proactive Stance: SACI Mlula spoke of regular patrols in vulnerable areas; ASI Karugaba provided the hard evidence of what that looks like and achieves at a specific post.

   • Empowering the #KnowYourNeighbor Campaign: Successful operations based partly on community intelligence (likely fostered by education efforts) reinforce the campaign’s value, encouraging further public cooperation.

   • Pre-Election Security Tangibly Enhanced: Removing 217 potential threats (smugglers, traffickers, illegal entrants) from the local environment directly contributes to stabilising the border area ahead of the October 2025 polls. It disrupts networks that could otherwise be exploited to interfere with the elections.

   Beyond the Number: The Human Effort:

   The 217 arrests speak of relentless effort by ASI Karugaba and his team – long hours, meticulous planning, physical risk during operations, and the painstaking process of processing suspects according to the law (“appropriate action was taken in accordance with the law”). It’s policing in the dust and sweat of the frontier, far removed from headquarters.

   ASI Everigistus Karugaba’s report from Manyovu is more than a success story; it’s a vital proof of concept. It demonstrates that Tanzania’s border security strategy, championed by CGI Dr. Makakala and actively implemented by regional leaders like SACI Mlula, translates into decisive action and measurable results at the grassroots. The apprehension of 217 suspects through targeted operations in precisely the locations criminals exploit – guest houses, transport hubs, checkpoints, and farms – is a masterclass in applying the adage “Mwenendo wa mende kujificha.” It shows a frontline force actively illuminating the shadows, refusing to let the border’s complexity become a shield for illegality. As Tanzania approaches its general elections, these tangible results from Buhigwe District provide crucial reassurance: the guardians at the gate are not only present but profoundly effective, ensuring the nation’s integrity is defended with both strategy and steadfast action on the ground. The dust of Manyovu bears witness to a security apparatus delivering on its mandate.

9. Top Brass Support: Headquarters Backing the Frontline – Unity of Command at Tanzania’s Edge

   Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s working visit to the remote Manyovu border post carried profound symbolic and operational weight, significantly amplified by the presence of her senior deputies: Deputy Commissioner of Immigration (Administration), DCI Elizabeth Lukuwi, and Deputy Commissioner of Immigration (Service), DCI Joseph Kasike. This wasn’t a casual entourage; it was a deliberate demonstration of unified command priority and concrete resource commitment emanating from the Immigration Headquarters in Dar es Salaam directly to the dusty frontier of Buhigwe District, Kigoma. In the demanding arena of border security, where challenges are immediate and resources often stretched, this high-level delegation embodies the Tanzanian adage: “Mti umelala ua halina” – “A sleeping tree has no fence.” True security isn’t passive; it requires the active, unified engagement of the entire structure, from the deepest roots to the outermost branches.

   The Significance of Senior HQ Presence at Manyovu:

   1. Unified Command in the Field: The CGI, as the head, accompanied by her two principal deputies responsible for the core pillars of the department (Administration and Service), presented a visible, physical manifestation of a unified command structure. It signalled to the Manyovu officers, the regional command (SACI Mlula), and the Burundian counterparts that border security is the absolute, undivided priority of the entire senior leadership team. There was no ambiguity about institutional focus.

   2. Bridging the HQ-Field Divide: Remote posts can sometimes feel disconnected from headquarters decision-making and resource allocation. The presence of the top brass shattered this perception. It demonstrated that the challenges and realities of the frontline – articulated by officers like ASI Karugaba – are directly heard by those with the authority to act. It fostered a sense of being understood and supported at the highest levels.

   3. Targeted Problem-Solving & Resource Commitment:

      • DCI Elizabeth Lukuwi (Administration): Her presence signalled a direct link to solutions for administrative and logistical hurdles. Officers could raise issues related to manpower, facilities, equipment, welfare, or training needs, knowing the person ultimately responsible for resourcing and personnel was there to assess first-hand. This is crucial for sustaining long-term operations in a demanding environment.

      • DCI Joseph Kasike (Service): His attendance focused on operational effectiveness and service delivery. He could observe procedures, assess the implementation of directives (like increased patrols), understand tactical challenges, and provide immediate guidance on refining service protocols, inter-agency cooperation, and enforcement strategies. His presence reinforced the “how” of the mission.

   4. Demonstrating “Active Roots” for the “Fence”: The adage “Mti umelala ua halina” is powerfully apt. The “fence” (secure border) cannot stand if the “tree” (the institution) is passive or fragmented. Dr. Makakala, DCI Lukuwi, and DCI Kasike travelling together showed the institution awake and engaged. The “roots” (HQ leadership) were actively supporting the “branches” (frontline officers) to maintain the vital “fence” (border security). It countered any perception of HQ being detached or bureaucratic.

   5. Boosting Frontline Morale & Legitimacy: For the officers at Manyovu, seeing the very top leadership invest the time and effort to visit their remote post, accompanied by key deputies, is an immense morale booster. It validates the importance of their often-gruelling work. It also enhances their legitimacy and authority in the eyes of the local community and cross-border partners; they are visibly backed by the full weight of the national institution.

   6. Strategic Alignment for Pre-Election Security: Ahead of the high-stakes October 2025 elections, this unified presence underscored the non-negotiable priority of border integrity. It demonstrated that HQ wasn’t just issuing directives from afar but was personally invested in ensuring the frontline had the administrative support (Lukuwi) and operational guidance (Kasike) needed to execute the intensified security mandate effectively. It pre-emptively addressed potential resource or coordination gaps.

   Beyond Symbolism: Tangible Commitment:

   The presence of DCI Lukuwi and DCI Kasike wasn’t merely about being seen. It enabled:

   • Immediate Assessment: They could independently assess administrative and operational needs, cutting through layers of reporting.

   • Contextual Decision-Making: Discussions about resource allocation or tactical adjustments could happen with direct knowledge of the environment.

   • Streamlined Solutions: Potential bottlenecks between administration and operations could be addressed collaboratively on the spot.

   • Reinforcing the Chain of Command: Their presence alongside the CGI solidified the command structure for regional (SACI Mlula) and post-level (ASI Karugaba) officers, clarifying reporting lines and support channels.

   

   CGI Dr. Anna Makakala’s decision to be accompanied by DCI Elizabeth Lukuwi and DCI Joseph Kasike at Manyovu was a masterstroke of leadership logistics. It transformed her visit from an inspection into a powerful operational summit at the frontier. It unequivocally demonstrated that securing Tanzania’s borders, especially as the nation approaches a critical democratic juncture, is a whole-of-department endeavour requiring the active, unified commitment of its highest echelons. By embodying the principle of “Mti umelala ua halina,” the leadership trio showed that the Immigration Department is wide awake. The “roots” in Dar es Salaam are actively nourishing and supporting the “branches” in Kigoma to ensure the “fence” at Manyovu – and indeed, across Tanzania’s sensitive borders – stands strong, vigilant, and fully resourced. This top brass backing is the essential bedrock upon which frontline successes, like ASI Karugaba’s 217 apprehensions, are built and sustained. It signals to all – officers, citizens, neighbours, and potential adversaries – that Tanzania’s guardianship of its sovereignty begins with unity of purpose from the very top, reaching right down to the soil of the borderlands.

10. Beyond the Visit: Embedding a Culture of Security – From Inspection to Institutional Ethos, in Tanzania’s Immigration Service

    Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s working visit to the Manyovu border post, while significant in itself, represents far more than a singular event. It embodies a broader strategic intent within the Tanzania Immigration Department: the deliberate cultivation of a permanent, ingrained culture of heightened border protection. This transcends temporary surges or reactive measures; it’s about weaving vigilance, professionalism, and proactive security into the very DNA of the service, from the corridors of Dar es Salaam headquarters to the most remote frontier outpost in Kigoma. As the Tanzanian adage profoundly states, “Tabia ni mali” – “Character is wealth.” Dr. Makakala’s visit, and others like it, aim to build the enduring ‘character’ of the department – one where unwavering border security is its most valued asset.

    Strategic Intent: Transforming Visits into Cultural Cornerstones

    The visit to Manyovu was meticulously designed not just to observe, but to instil and reinforce. Its mechanisms for embedding culture include:

    1. Close Supervision as Mentorship & Standard-Setting:

       • Dr. Makakala and her senior deputies (DCIs Lukuwi & Kasike) weren’t passive observers. Their scrutiny served as real-time mentorship, demonstrating expected standards of diligence, vigilance, and professionalism.

       • Observing procedures, questioning methods, and reviewing results (like ASI Karugaba’s 217 arrests) allows leaders to identify best practices for replication and areas needing correction, directly shaping operational norms.

       • This visible presence reinforces that excellence in border security is non-negotiable and constantly evaluated.

    2. On-the-Job Guidance: Contextual Learning & Refinement:

       • Directives issued on-site (increased patrols, thorough searches, #KnowYourNeighbor push) carry immense weight and clarity. Officers see the why and how within their specific operational context.

       • Immediate feedback and problem-solving during the visit (e.g., addressing resource constraints raised with DCI Lukuwi, refining patrol tactics with DCI Kasike) provide invaluable, context-specific learning that generic training cannot match. This embeds practical solutions into daily routines.

       • It transforms abstract policy into tangible action plans understood and owned by the frontline.

    3. Demonstrating Priority & Commitment:

       • The personal investment of the highest leadership in a remote post sends an unequivocal message: Border security is the department’s paramount mission. This cascades down through the ranks, shaping priorities at every level (Regional, District, Post).

       • Seeing the CGI and DCIs grapple with frontline realities builds shared understanding and commitment, fostering a sense that “we are all in this together.”

    4. Validating and Motivating the Frontline:

       • Recognising efforts like Kigoma’s proactive patrols (SACI Mlula) and Manyovu’s operational successes (ASI Karugaba) validates the hard work of officers. This boosts morale and reinforces the desired culture of proactive vigilance.

       • It signals that diligence and results are seen and valued at the highest level, motivating sustained effort.

    5. Fostering Accountability and Continuous Improvement:

       • Knowing that such high-level, unannounced or working visits could happen anywhere, anytime, instils a sense of constant accountability. It encourages consistent adherence to protocols and discourages complacency.

       • Visits create feedback loops. Challenges identified inform HQ strategy (resource allocation, training needs), while HQ directives are refined based on ground truth, fostering a culture of adaptive learning and continuous improvement.

    “Tabia ni mali”: Forging the Department’s Security Character

    This adage cuts to the heart of the strategy. A single visit might yield a temporary boost, but the true “wealth” lies in transforming the department’s inherent “tabia” (character/nature). The goal is to make heightened security awareness, proactive patrolling, meticulous checks, community engagement (#KnowYourNeighbor), and cross-border cooperation not just tasks, but intrinsic parts of every Immigration Officer’s professional identity and the department’s institutional ethos. It’s about moving from complying with orders to embody the principle of border integrity.

    The Pre-Election Imperative: Cementing the Culture

    As Tanzania approaches October 2025, embedding this culture is not just desirable; it’s critical. A temporary “election security mode” is vulnerable. A permanent culture of heightened vigilance ensures:

    • Sustained Readiness: The intensified focus isn’t a scramble; it’s an escalation of an already embedded posture.

    • Resilience Against Complacency: The ingrained culture prevents a post-election relaxation of guard.

    • Institutional Memory: Lessons learned during the election security period become part of the department’s ongoing operational doctrine.

    Conclusion: The Visit as Seed, Culture as Harvest

    CGI Dr. Anna Makakala’s journey to Manyovu was more than an inspection; it was a strategic intervention meticulously designed to cultivate the fertile ground for a lasting security culture. By combining close supervision, contextual on-the-job guidance, visible leadership commitment, and the recognition of frontline efforts, the visit served as a powerful catalyst. It actively worked to transform the department’s “tabia”, embedding the principles of vigilance, cooperation, and proactive defence deep within its operational fabric, guided by the wisdom that “Tabia ni mali.” This cultural shift is the true legacy of such visits – ensuring that the heightened protection of Tanzania’s borders, especially crucial during the democratic test of elections, is not a fleeting campaign, but the enduring, unwavering character of the Immigration Service itself. The dust settles on the Manyovu road, but the ingrained culture of vigilance remains, standing guard long after the Commissioner General’s convoy has departed.

Addressing Perspectives: Balancing Security with Realities at Tanzania’s Frontier

While Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s focus on fortifying the Manyovu border post is strategically sound, particularly ahead of the October 2025 elections, it’s crucial to acknowledge differing viewpoints that reflect the complex realities of managing a porous frontier in a region like Kigoma. A truly comprehensive understanding requires examining these perspectives through a Tanzanian lens.

Counterargument: Enforcement vs. Trade & Freedom

• The Concern: Critics might argue that intense border security measures – increased patrols, rigorous searches, heightened vigilance – inevitably create friction. They could contend this hampers the legitimate cross-border trade that is the lifeblood of communities in Buhigwe District and beyond, causing delays, increasing costs, and fostering resentment. Furthermore, it might be considered impinging on the freedom of movement for families with kin on both sides of the Tanzania-Burundi border, disrupting centuries-old social and cultural ties. The fear is that an overly militarised approach could stifle the very economic activity and social cohesion that stability seeks to promote. As the adage cautions, “Mkuki mmoja hauwi nyoka” – “One spear does not kill a snake.” An approach relying solely on the ‘spear’ of enforcement might miss the broader picture of community wellbeing.

• The Department’s Response & Nuance: Dr. Makakala’s strategy, however, explicitly addresses this tension. Her emphasis wasn’t just on enforcement, but crucially on “good neighbourliness” and enhancing “work efficiency.” This signals a conscious effort to balance security with functionality:

  • Cooperation is Key: Seamless collaboration with Burundian authorities aims to streamline legitimate crossings, reducing duplication and delays. Efficient joint procedures benefit traders and families.

  • Targeted Vigilance: The focus on increased speed of patrols and thorough searches implies intelligence-led operations, not blanket harassment. The goal is to disrupt illegal activity while facilitating legal flow. ASI Karugaba’s operations targeted specific high-risk locations (guest houses, farms involved in illicit activity), not every trader or traveller.

  • The #KnowYourNeighbor Holistic Approach: This campaign is pivotal. By educating communities on why compliance matters and fostering local vigilance, it aims to build understanding and buy-in. When communities themselves become partners in security – recognising that smuggling undermines local markets and illegal immigration can strain resources – resistance to necessary checks diminishes. It transforms security from an external imposition into a shared community interest. This aligns with the wisdom that “Umoja ni nguvu, utengano ni udhaifu” – “Unity is strength, division is weakness.” Security and prosperity are achievable when communities and authorities work together.

Alternative Perspective: The Daunting Reality of Resource Constraints

• The Concern: Observers familiar with Tanzania’s vast and often remote borderlands might point to the persistent challenge of resources. Posts like Manyovu, despite their strategic importance, often operate with limited personnel, ageing equipment, logistical hurdles (fuel, transport, communication in rugged terrain), and basic infrastructure constraints. Can the directives for “increased patrols” and “thorough searches” be sustainably implemented if officers are overstretched, under-equipped, or lack adequate support? Critics might argue that high-level visits, while symbolically important, don’t automatically translate into the boots, vehicles, technology, and training needed daily on the ground. The adage “Kidole kimoja hakivunji chawa” – “One finger cannot crush a louse” – speaks to the need for adequate ‘tools’ (resources) to effectively tackle a problem.

• Indicators of Addressing the Challenge & Ongoing Reality:

  • HQ Commitment Signalled: The presence of both the CGI and her senior deputies, particularly DCI Elizabeth Lukuwi (Administration), is highly significant. DCI Lukuwi’s portfolio directly covers manpower, logistics, welfare, and infrastructure. Her presence strongly suggests the visit was partly an on-the-ground assessment to identify and prioritise resource needs. It demonstrates HQ awareness that strategy requires practical enablers.

  • Strategic Focus: The emphasis isn’t just on brute force but on smarter tactics – intelligence-led patrols (#KnowYourNeighbor generating leads), cooperation (sharing burdens with Burundi), and efficiency – which can maximise the impact of existing resources.

  • Acknowledging the Reality: The article must frankly acknowledge that resource constraints are an ongoing, inherent challenge in managing Tanzania’s extensive borders, particularly in remote regions like Kigoma. While the HQ visit signals intent and prioritisation, translating that into sustained, adequate resourcing for every vulnerable post remains a complex, long-term endeavour. The dedication of officers like ASI Karugaba, achieving results despite constraints, highlights both resilience and the persistent need for greater support.

Conclusion: Navigating the Complexities

Dr. Makakala’s visit and directives at Manyovu represent a robust strategy for pre-election border security. However, a mature perspective acknowledges the valid tensions between security enforcement and economic/social freedom, alongside the ever-present spectre of resource limitations. The strength of the approach lies in its attempts to mitigate these concerns: prioritising cooperation and efficiency to ease legitimate movement while targeting enforcement, and leveraging the #KnowYourNeighbor campaign for community partnership. The presence of top administrative leadership signals awareness of the resource gap. Yet, as the adages remind us – “Mkuki mmoja hauwi nyoka” (balance is needed) and “Kidole kimoja hakivunji chawa” (resources are crucial) – the ultimate test will be in the sustained, well-resourced implementation of this holistic vision across Tanzania’s vast and challenging frontiers. Success hinges on continuously addressing these perspectives, ensuring security enhances, rather than hinders, the prosperity and unity of the borderlands.

Conclusion: The Vigilant Gateway – Tanzania’s Border Integrity Forged at Manyovu

Commissioner General Dr. Anna Makakala’s boots crunching the dust of Manyovu was no perfunctory tour. It stood as a potent declaration, etched into the very soil of Kigoma’s frontier, of Tanzania’s unwavering resolve to safeguard its sovereign edges. As the nation approaches the pivotal furnace of the October 2025 General Elections, this visit crystallised a profound truth: a nation’s peace and democratic sanctity begin at its borders. The rolling hills of Buhigwe District, where Tanzania meets Burundi, are not merely a geographical boundary; they are the crucible where national integrity is tested and forged daily.

Dr. Makakala’s strategy, articulated amidst the operational hum of Manyovu, recognises that true security is a complex tapestry. It deftly intertwines the unyielding thread of enforcement – manifest in rigorous patrols, meticulous searches, and the tangible results of 217 apprehensions – with the stronger cords of cooperation and community. Her championing of “good neighborliness” transcends diplomacy; it is the pragmatic engine for efficient cross-border collaboration, ensuring security enhances, rather than chokes, legitimate trade and kinship. Simultaneously, the #KnowYourNeighbor campaign sows seeds of understanding and shared responsibility within border communities, transforming local eyes into a vital early-warning network. As the adage teaches, “Ufunguo wa amani uko kwenye ulinzi wa mipaka” – “The key to peace lies in the protection of the borders.” Dr. Makakala’s approach embodies this, understanding that the sturdy lock on the national gate requires multiple, well-aligned tumblers: vigilance, partnership, and an engaged populace.

The 217 suspects apprehended at Manyovu are more than a statistic; they are a stark testament to the persistent threats seeking to exploit the border’s porosity – be it through smuggling, trafficking, or illegal movement. Yet, they stand equally as proof of the unwavering dedication of officers like ASI Everigistus Karugaba and his team, whose targeted operations in guest houses, farms, and transport hubs exemplify strategy meeting grit on the frontline. Their diligence, amplified by Kigoma’s proactive regional command under SACI Dismas Mlula and demonstrably backed by the unified presence of top HQ leadership (DCIs Lukuwi and Kasike), forms a formidable bulwark.

As Tanzania strides towards its democratic milestone in October 2025, crossings like Manyovu are far more than transit points. They are the nation’s vigilant gateways. The coordinated efforts, watchful eyes, and embedded culture of security cultivated there are the indispensable first line of defence. They ensure that the crucible of elections is approached not with vulnerability, but with the assurance of a secure frontier. This frontline vigilance does more than intercept illicit activity; it safeguards the very foundation upon which free and fair elections depend – national stability and the unimpeded will of the people.

The effectiveness of this Manyovu model – balancing firmness with cooperation, enforcement with education, national strategy with local execution – will resonate far beyond the shores of Lake Tanganyika. Its success shapes not only the immediate security of the election period but the enduring integrity of Tanzania’s next chapter. For in the final reckoning, as the wisdom of the elders reminds us, “Nchi haina kinga ila ulinzi wa mashujaa wake wa mipaka” – “A nation has no shield but the vigilance of its border heroes.” Dr. Makakala’s visit reaffirmed that Tanzania’s shield is being held high, its edges honed sharp, at posts like Manyovu, where the nation’s future peace is diligently guarded today.

Tanzania Media